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A BLOWER is a rotodynamic machine converting the mechanical energy into fluid energy. Its performance represents the combination of performance of all the components. In the present study the number of blades has been chosen as a variable, keeping the rest of the system same. Earlier work done by Kearton showed that 16 bladed impeller out of the 4 impellers studied by him gave good overall performance. Theoretical considerations of Stodola, Busemann and Pfleiderer indicated that the blade exit angle and the number of blades controlled the unit's performance. Recently Bommes carried out extensive experiments on blowers by varying both the blade exit angle and the number of blades. When Pfleiderer's method was used to predict the number of blades, the predictions were not in agreement with the experiments. In this a theoretical equation has been developed which agrees well with the experimental results.

Arising from an engrossing and incisive panel discussion at the IV Congress of ISBEE, this paper aims to add the Asian perspective to the debate on ethics of corporate governance.

Personal insights and experience in the course of promoting corporate governance are juxtaposed with the theoretical assumptions behind the accepted international framework and standards. The paper highlights the key developments relating to corporate governance in Asia; identifies key structural factors and cultural influences; and derives conclusions from these.

The paper notes the discernable tilt towards the stakeholders’ perspective in large segments of the Asian economy, primarily on account of block‐shareholding with control over managements; dominance of State ownership; and the aspiration of the newly internationalising companies to meet the competitive demands of input and output markets relating to stakeholders. The paper argues that the cultural influences such as relation‐based priorities and social expectations of “duties” imply a different approach from the Anglo‐Saxon contractual constructs. The paper concludes that there is dualism of the culturally determined practices co‐existing well with the international standards.

This paper could inspire empirical research on the actual impact of economic structures and culture in determining the balance between shareholders and stakeholders in different regions.

The paper's unique propositions are likely to sensitize corporations in recognising the dualism in practice and debating merits of convergence.

The distinctive value of the paper arises from the arguments and conclusions relating to “synergetic dualism” and “expansive” approach observed in the Asian region.

The paper focuses on two topics, optimizing the proposed triangular tube for crashworthiness and solving a non‐linear programming problem by a “mapping” technique, which the condition of Lagrange Multiplier Theorem is violated within the feasible region. The purpose of studying optimized triangular tubes is to prepare them for redesigning vehicle bumpers. The dimension optimization of triangular tube is carried out for its thickness and lateral length, based on the accomplished shape optimization under an impact. The load uniformity is taken as the objective function, which is defined as the ratio of maximum peak force and means crushing force. Meanwhile the mean crushing force and absorbed energy are treated as constraints. Based on FEA analysis, the regression functions for load uniformity, mean crushing force, and absorbed energy are formulated by RSM. The result has shown that triangular tube possesses an optimization region, under which the better‐integrated property can be achieved to supply a more safety environment for vehicular occupants.

The investigation of fluid flow over a rotating disk has been increasing due to the spread of machine technology. Because of this development, we scrutinized the Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow of hybrid nanofluid caused by a decelerating rotating disk with Ohmic heating, Soret and Dufour effects. The disk's angular velocity is taken to be an inversely time-dependent linear function. Moreover, the temperature-dependent viscosity of hybrid nanofluid is incorporated in the present investigation. Methanol is considered as base fluid, while copper oxide (CuO) and magnesium oxide (MgO) are nanoparticles.

Estimated fundamental partial differential equations of flow problems are altered as a dimensionless system of ordinary differential equations using appropriate similarity transformation and solved using a numerical technique: BVP Midrich scheme in Maple software. The impression of emerging non-dimensional parameters is portrayed graphically. All outcomes are shown in the velocity, temperature and concentration profiles.

The developed flow problem involves a non-dimensional parameter (A) that reveals the deceleration of the disk. For larger values of A, the disk decelerates faster and for some fixed time, the fluid surrounding the disk revolves more rapidly than the disk itself. The radial velocity of fluid diminishes and axial velocity becomes uniform when the disk is subjected to wall suction velocity (B).

This analysis is significant in biomedical engineering, cancer therapeutic, manufacturing industries and nano-drug suspension in pharmaceuticals. The novelty of the current study is the hybrid nanofluid flow with Ohmic heating, Soret and Dufour effects on a decelerating rotating disk. To the best of the author's knowledge, no such consideration has been published in the literature.

The study aims to discern the primary obstacles confronted by the implementing agencies in their efforts to foster financial inclusion through the “Pradhan Mantri MUDRA Yojana” (PMMY).

To collect primary data, a semi-structured questionnaire was developed. Around 120 loan officers from the implementing agencies (Scheduled Commercial Banks (SCBs), Regional Rural Banks (RRBs), Small Finance Banks (SFBs), Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs) and Micro- Finance Institutions (MFIs)) of Haryana were randomly selected to fulfill the objectives. To categorize the perceived problems into discrete factors, the “factor analysis” technique was employed. The scales were then regressed on factors linked to the demographic characteristics of the loan officers to validate the hypotheses.

The study highlighted the primary obstacles impeding the advancement of financial inclusion, which encompass a range of factors. These include challenges in management, infrastructure, politics, finance and technology. Furthermore, the study established the association of the explanatory variables, namely gender, age, educational qualification, location and experience of the officers, with the extracted constraints. Notably, the experience of loan officers emerged as the most influential variable contributing to the promotion of financial inclusion through the scheme.

The current body of literature lacks any empirical investigation focusing on the perspectives of the implementing agencies regarding the challenges they encounter in advancing FI. Given the significance of FI in India, where access to formal financial services remains a critical issue, this research adds value by addressing the gaps in understanding the problems encountered.

The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/IJSE-06-2023-0462

The study of Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (BHEL)11BHEL was founded in 1950s. It has emerged as the largest engineering and manufacturing enterprise of its kind in India. Power equipment major BHEL has approached the government for the grant of coveted Maharatna status, which will give the company greater financial autonomy. At present, BHEL is a Navratna company. A company qualifying for the Maharatna status should have an average annual turnover of more than Rs 20,000 crores in the last three years, according to the new guidelines. Once a company gets the Maharatna status, its board would not be required to take the government’s permission for investments up to Rs 5,000 crores in a joint venture project or wholly owned subsidiary. For the Navratna companies, the limit is Rs 1,000 crores. was undertaken to understand the quality of corporate governance in public sector and to gain insight into the major infirmities in internal and external conditions that impinge on the quality of corporate governance in the public enterprises. In India, to bring in more transparency and accountability in the functioning of Central Public Sector Enterprises (CPSEs), the government of India in June 2007 introduced the Guidelines on Corporate Governance. These Guidelines were originally of voluntary nature. The government has acknowledged the need for continuing the adoption of good Corporate Governance Guidelines for ensuring robust public sector with high level of transparency and decided to make these Guidelines mandatory and applicable to all CPSEs. Thereby, government in March 2010 asked all the 246 CPSEs to mandatorily follow corporate governance norms and business ethics, a step to ensure more transparency in their functioning.

The paper aims to present an experimental and numerical investigation of the load–settlement behavior of soil reinforced by stone column, as well as to evaluate the plane strain unit cell model for the analysis of stone columns.

The numerical analysis was done using both axisymmetric and plane strain models. The elastic perfectly plastic behavior of Mohr–Coulomb was adopted for both soil and column material. The numerical results of this study were validated by the comparison with the in-situ measurements of a full-scale loading test on a stone column. This study also evaluated the effect of different parameters involved in the design of a stone column, including Young’s modulus of the column material, column diameter, spacing between the stone columns and Poisson’s ratio of the column material.

After the numerical simulation, the results from both axisymmetric and plane strain models are quite comparable. In addition, the numerical results revealed that the stone column with low spacing, a large diameter and a high Young’s modulus indicated better behavior against the settlement.

The axisymmetric unit cell model was used in many numerical studies on the behavior of stone columns. In the present work, a field load test on stone column was simulated using a plane strain unit cell model. This research adds that the plane strain unit cell model can be used to predict the settlement of reinforced soil with stone columns.

In this paper, we deal with one form of bonded labour generating under the brokerage system. We have led a qualitative survey in a small village of South India to study the phenomenon of brokerage. In this village, labourers are seasonal migrants who in order to migrate, take advance from brokers. The village is characterised by a high number of brokers who are in competition to attract labourers to their team. In this environment, labourers have the bargaining power to demand high amount of advance. Therefore, brokers bond them in order to reduce their bargaining power and to avoid competition.

The purpose of this paper is to explore the link between earnings quality, Audit Committees and the Board of companies located in Jordan through the lens of enhancing corporate governance.

The real earnings management (REM) and accruals earnings management models were notably used within the panel data robust regression analysis approach; these were used against certain Audit Committee characteristics (i.e. meeting frequency, amount of Board and Committee participants [both internal and external], size) and Board of Directors.

The former characteristics were found to have a positive relationship with REM, while the latter yielded mixed results: while there was no significant identifiable relationship between Board outsiders and REM, there was a positive relationship identified between Board meetings, Board insiders and Board size and REM. In regard to this study’s limitations, the qualitative data gathered for the Board of Directors through the lens of corporate governance enhancement should have been documented with more detail; furthermore, the study was limited to the study of just one nation.

The data is limited to only a single country. More explanation for Board of Directors need qualitative understandings into corporate governance improvement. The control variables are essentially partial in a developing market context.

The different corporate governance code and guidelines improvements have varied influence on earnings quality. As predictable, boards of directors most effect on earnings quality. Improvements have included most modification to audit committees but through them slight measured effect on earnings quality.

Jordan’s corporate governance improvements expected organised corporate governance practices generally in place amongst its boards, and though invoking considerable modification to audit committees, eventually included slight modification to earnings quality. However, both improved earnings quality.

This particular research appears to be the first to consider both Audit Committee and Board of Directors characteristics in one model; indeed, in this vein, this research is also the first to explore the corporate governance enhancements that initially stemmed from there being zero code or guideline regarding its use, despite it becoming required recently. Hence, the authors can say this study has high originality.

The aim of this paper is to analyze the impact of media on corporate governance and to develop a research agenda on the same issue in the peculiar Indian setting.

Extant and premier literature on the impact of media on corporate governance is reviewed. The relevance of the issue to the Indian context is analyzed. Based on that, a research agenda is developed keeping in view the problems unique to the Indian context.

The review of literature reveals that research on the impact of media on corporate governance is basically done in the context of Western media and democracy. There is no attempt to gauge the influence of media reports on corporate governance in India, although the largest democracy of the world has experienced the biggest scandals of unethical governance in the last two decades.

This is an early effort to study the role of media in addressing corporate governance issues and abuses in India. The paper brings together the problems peculiar to the Indian situation indicating mass media's scope for having some impact on corporate ethics, regulators' responsibility and public opinion in India.